Behind every Al-Shabaab fighter stands a system that extends far beyond the battlefield. Hidden within that system are women whose stories are rarely told. Some are lured by ideology, others by deception, coercion, or marriage. Some become recruiters, intelligence collectors, financiers, propagandists, or facilitators. Others endure lives defined by fear,…

Ethiopia and Somaliland signed a controversial Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on January 1, 2024, a move unequivocally rejected by Somalia on grounds of national sovereignty and territorial integrity. Somalia received broad international backing from major world powers, regional actors, and multilateral institutions in its diplomatic standoff with Ethiopia throughout 2024.…

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